Lisebelisoa tse leshome tsa theknoloji ea laser kalafong ea bokaholimo

Lisebelisoa tse leshome tsa theknoloji ea laser kalafong ea bokaholimo

Laser surface treatment ke thekenoloji e sebelisang matla a phahameng a matla a laser beam ho futhumatsa bokaholimo ba thepa ka tsela e sa amaneng, le ho hlokomela phetoho ea eona ea bokaholimo ka ho pholisa ka mokhoa o ts'oarehang oa bokaholimo ba thepa ka boyona.Ho molemo ho ntlafatsa thepa ea mochine le ea 'mele ea holim'a thepa, hammoho le ho hanyetsa ho roala, ho hanyetsa kutu le ho hanyetsa mokhathala oa likarolo.Lilemong tsa morao tjena, mahlale a kalafo ea laser holim'a metsi a kang ho hloekisa ka laser, ho tima laser, alloying ea laser, ho matlafatsa le laser annealing, hammoho le laser cladding, laser 3D printing, laser electroplating le mahlale a mang a tlhahiso ea laser a hlahisitse menyetla e pharaletseng ea ts'ebeliso. .

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1. Ho hloekisa ka laser

Ho hloekisa ka laser ke theknoloji e ncha e ntseng e hōla ka potlako ea ho hloekisa holim'a metsi, e sebelisang matla a phahameng a matla a pulse laser ho khantša bokaholimo ba mosebetsi, e le hore litšila, likaroloana kapa ho roala holim'a metsi ho ka fetoha mouoane kapa ho hola hang-hang, kahoo ho finyella mokhoa oa ho hloekisa. le tlhoekiso.Ho hloekisoa ha laser ho arotsoe haholo ka ho tlosa mafome, ho tlosoa ha oli, ho tlosa pente, ho tlosa mafome le mekhoa e meng;E sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa ho hloekisa tšepe, ho hloekisa litlolo tsa setso, ho hloekisa mehaho, joalo-joalo Ho itšetlehile ka mesebetsi ea eona e pharaletseng, ts'ebetso e nepahetseng le e feto-fetohang, ts'ebetso e phahameng le ho boloka matla, ho sireletsa tikoloho e tala, ha ho na tšenyo ea substrate, bohlale, boleng bo botle ba ho hloekisa, polokeho, ts'ebeliso e pharaletseng le litšoaneleho le melemo e meng, e se e tumme haholo mafapheng a fapaneng a indasteri.

Ha ho bapisoa le mekhoa ea setso ea ho hloekisa e kang ho hloekisa likhohlano tsa mochini, ho hloekisa corrosion ea lik'hemik'hale, ho hloekisa metsi ka matla a matla, ho hloekisa ka maqhubu a phahameng, ho hloekisa ka laser ho na le melemo e totobetseng.

2. Ho tima laser

Laser quenching e sebelisa laser e matla haholo e le mohloli oa mocheso ho etsa hore bokaholimo ba tšepe bo chese le ho bata kapele.Ts'ebetso ea ho tima e phethoa hang-hang ho fumana boima bo phahameng le sebopeho sa ultra-fine martensite, ho ntlafatsa ho thatafala le ho apara ho hanyetsa holim'a tšepe, le ho theha khatello ea kelello holim'a metsi ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa mokhathala.Melemo ea mantlha ea ts'ebetso ena e kenyelletsa sebaka se senyenyane se anngoeng ke mocheso, ho senyeha ho honyenyane, tekanyo e phahameng ea boiketsetso, ho fetoha habonolo ha mokhoa oa ho tima, boima bo phahameng ba lijo-thollo tse hloekisitsoeng, le ts'ireletso e bohlale ea tikoloho.Ka mohlala, letheba la laser le ka fetoloa ho tima boemo leha e le bofe ba bophara;Taba ea bobeli, hlooho ea laser le khokahano ea liroboto tse ngata tsa axis li ka tima sebaka se khethiloeng sa likarolo tse rarahaneng.Mohlala o mong, laser quenching e chesa haholo ebile e potlakile, 'me khatello ea maikutlo le deformation li nyane.The deformation ea workpiece pele le ka mor'a laser quenching ka hoo e ka bang hlokomolohuoa, kahoo ho ke haholo-holo a loketse bakeng sa ho phekoloa holim'a likarolo le ditlhoko phahameng ho nepahala.

Hona joale, laser quenching e sebelisitsoe ka katleho ho matlafatsa holim'a likarolo tse tlokotsing indastering ea likoloi, indasteri ea hlobo, lisebelisoa tsa hardware le indasteri ea mechine, haholo-holo ho ntlafatsa bophelo ba litšebeletso tsa likarolo tse tlokotsing tse kang likere, bokaholimo ba shaft, litataiso, mehlahare le. hlobo.Litšobotsi tsa ho tima laser ke tse latelang:

(1) Laser quenching ke mokhoa o potlakileng oa ho futhumatsa le o ithabisang, o sa hlokeng ho boloka mocheso oa sebōpi le ho tima pholileng.Ke ts'ilafalo e se nang tšilafalo, e tala le tikoloho-ba botsoalle mocheso kalafo tshebetso, 'me ka habonolo kenya tshebetsong junifomo quenching holim'a hlobo khōlō;

(2) Ha lebelo la ho futhumatsa ka laser le potlakile, sebaka se amehileng ke mocheso se nyane, 'me mocheso oa ho futhumatsa o tima, ke hore, ho tima mocheso oa sebaka hang-hang, deformation ea lefu le tšoaroang e nyane haholo;

(3) Ka lebaka la sekhutlo se senyenyane sa divergence ea lebone la laser, e na le Directivity e ntle, 'me e khona ho tima ka nepo sebaka sa hlobo ka sistimi ea tataiso ea leseli;

(4) Botebo bo thata ba lera la laser surface quenching hangata ke 0.3-1.5 mm.

3. Laser annealing

Laser annealing ke ts'ebetso ea kalafo ea mocheso e sebelisang laser ho futhumatsa bokaholimo ba thepa, ho pepesa thepa mocheso o phahameng nako e telele, ebe o e pholisa butle butle.Morero o ka sehloohong oa ts'ebetso ena ke ho lokolla khatello ea maikutlo, ho eketsa ductility ea lintho tse bonahalang le ho tiea, le ho hlahisa microstructure e khethehileng.E khetholloa ke bokhoni ba ho fetola sebopeho sa matrix, ho fokotsa boima, ho hloekisa lijo-thollo le ho felisa khatello ea kelello ka hare.Lilemong tsa morao tjena, theknoloji ea laser annealing e boetse e fetohile mokhoa o mocha indastering ea ts'ebetso ea semiconductor, e ka ntlafatsang haholo ho kopanngoa ha lipotoloho tse kopantsoeng.

4. Laser shock matlafatsa

Theknoloji ea ho matlafatsa laser ke theknoloji e ncha le e phahameng e sebelisang leqhubu la plasma le hlahisoang ke lebone le matla la laser ho ntlafatsa mokhathala, ho hanyetsa le ho hanyetsa ho bola ha thepa ea tšepe.E na le melemo e mengata e ikhethang, joalo ka ha ho na sebaka se amehileng ke mocheso, matla a phahameng a matla, sekhahla sa khatello e phahameng haholo, taolo e matla le phello e matla e matlafatsang.Ka nako e ts'oanang, matla a matla a laser a na le litšobotsi tsa khatello ea maikutlo e tebileng ea masala, microstructure e betere le botšepehi ba holim'a metsi, botsitso bo betere ba mocheso le bophelo bo bolelele.Lilemong tsa morao tjena, thekenoloji ena e fihletse tsoelo-pele e potlakileng, 'me e na le karolo e kholo ea lifofane, ts'ireletso ea naha le indasteri ea sesole le likarolo tse ling.Ho phaella moo, ho roala ho sebelisoa haholo-holo ho sireletsa workpiece ho tloha ho chesa laser le ho ntlafatsa ho kenngoa ha matla a laser.Hona joale, lisebelisoa tsa ho roala tse sebelisoang hangata ke pente e ntšo le foil ea aluminium.

Laser peening (LP), e tsejoang hape e le laser shock peening (LSP), ke ts'ebetso e sebelisoang lefapheng la boenjineri ba holim'a metsi, ke hore, ts'ebeliso ea maballo a matla a phahameng a matla a matla ho hlahisa likhatello tse setseng tsa thepa ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa. (joalo ka ho hanyetsa mokhathala le ho hanyetsa mokhathala) ea bokaholimo ba lintho tse bonahalang, kapa ho ntlafatsa matla a likarolo tse tšesaane tsa lisebelisoa ho matlafatsa boima ba thepa.

Ho fapana le lits'ebetso tse ngata tsa ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa, LSP ha e sebelise matla a laser bakeng sa kalafo ea mocheso ho fihlela sephetho se lakatsehang, empa e sebelisa tšusumetso ea boriti bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea mochini.Beam ea matla a phahameng a laser e sebelisoa ho ama bokaholimo ba mosebetsi o shebiloeng ka matla a makhutšoane a matla.

Leseli le khantšang le ama karolo ea tšepe ea tšepe, le etsa mouoane sebakeng se tšesaane sa plasma hang-hang, 'me le kenya khatello ea leqhubu la ts'isinyeho mosebetsing.Ka linako tse ling lera le tšesaane la opaque cladding lintho tse bonahalang e phaella ka ho re workpiece ho nka sebaka sa tšepe e le mouoane.Ho hatella, lisebelisoa tse ling tse koahelang pepeneneng kapa likarolo tsa tšitiso ea inertial li sebelisoa ho nka plasma (hangata ke metsi).

Plasma e hlahisa ts'ebetso ea leqhubu la ts'oenyeho, e fetola sebopeho sa bokaholimo ba sesebelisoa sebakeng sa tšusumetso, ebe e hlahisa karabelo ea ketane ea katoloso ea tšepe le khatello.Khatello e tebileng ea khatello e hlahisoang ke karabelo ena e ka lelefatsa bophelo ba karolo.

5. Laser alloying

Laser alloying ke theknoloji e ncha ea ho fetola holim'a metsi, e ka sebelisetsoang ho lokisa li-amorphous nanocrystalline tse matlafatsang cermet composite coatings holim'a likarolo tsa meralo ho latela maemo a fapaneng a ts'ebeletso ea lisebelisoa tsa sefofane le litšoaneleho tsa mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso oa mocheso oa laser le sekhahla sa condensation, kahoo. e le ho finyella sepheo sa ho fetola bokaholimo ba lisebelisoa tsa sefofane.Ha ho bapisoa le thekenoloji ea laser alloying, theknoloji ea laser cladding e na le litšobotsi tsa karo-karolelano e nyane ea dilution ea substrate ho letamo le qhibilihisitsoeng, sebaka se senyenyane se amehileng ke mocheso, deformation e nyane ea mogote oa workpiece le sekhahla se senyenyane sa lisebelisoa ka mor'a kalafo ea laser cladding.Ho roala ka laser ho ka ntlafatsa haholo boleng ba thepa, le ho lokisa lisebelisoa tse tsofetseng.E na le litšobotsi tsa ts'ebetso e phahameng, lebelo le potlakileng, ts'ireletso ea tikoloho e tala le ho se na tšilafalo, le ts'ebetso e ntle ea workpiece ka mor'a phekolo.

phekolo ea holim'a metsi26. Laser cladding

Theknoloji ea laser cladding hape ke e 'ngoe ea mahlale a macha a ho fetola bokaholimo bo emelang tataiso ea nts'etsopele le boemo ba boenjineri ba bokaholimo.Theknoloji ea ho roala ka laser e fetohile sebaka sa lipatlisiso mabapi le phetoho ea bokaholimo ba li-alloys tsa titanium ka lebaka la melemo ea eona ea ho kopanya ntle le tšilafalo le metallurgical pakeng tsa koae le substrate.Ho roala ka laser ho roala ka ceramic kapa karolo ea ceramic e matlafalitsoeng e entsoeng ka motsoako ke mokhoa o sebetsang oa ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa ho apara holimo ha titanium alloy.Ho ea ka maemo a sebele a ho sebetsa, khetha mokhoa o nepahetseng oa thepa, 'me theknoloji ea laser cladding e ka finyella litlhoko tse ntle ka ho fetisisa tsa tshebetso.Theknoloji ea laser cladding e ka lokisa likarolo tse fapaneng tse hlōlehileng, joalo ka mahare a aeroengine.

Phapang pakeng tsa laser surface alloying le laser surface cladding ke hore laser surface alloying ke ho kopanya ka ho feletseng likarolo tsa alloy tse ekelitsoeng le bokaholimo ba substrate boemong ba mokelikeli ho etsa lesela la motsoako;Laser surface cladding ke ho qhibilihisa precoating tsohle le micro ho qhibilihisa substrate bokaholimo, e le hore cladding lera le substrate lintho tse bonahalang motsoako metallurgical le ho boloka sebopeho sa cladding lera ha e le hantle sa fetohe.Theknoloji ea laser alloying le laser cladding e sebelisoa haholo ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa ho roala holimo, ho hanyetsa kutu le ho hanyetsa maemo a li-alloys tsa titanium.

Hona joale, theknoloji ea laser cladding e se e sebelisoa haholo ho lokisa le ho fetola bokaholimo ba tšepe.Leha ho le joalo, leha ho roala ka laser ea setso ho na le melemo le litšoaneleho tsa ts'ebetso e feto-fetohang, tokiso ea sebopeho se ikhethileng, tlatsetso e hlalosoang ke mosebelisi, joalo-joalo, ts'ebetso ea eona ea ts'ebetso e tlase, 'me e ntse e sa khone ho fihlela litlhoko tsa tlhahiso le ts'ebetso e kholo ka bongata. masimo a mang a tlhahiso.E le ho finyella litlhoko tsa tlhahiso ea bongata le ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba ho roala, ho ile ha e-ba le theknoloji e phahameng ea laser cladding.

Theknoloji ea "laser cladding" ea lebelo le phahameng e khona ho lemoha lera le kopaneng le sekoli.Boleng ba bokaholimo ba lera la ho koaheloa ke compact, metallurgical bonding le substrate, ha ho na liphoso tse bulehileng, 'me bokaholimo bo boreleli.E ke ke ea sebetsoa feela 'meleng o potolohang, empa hape le sefofaneng le holim'a metsi a rarahaneng.Ka ts'ebetso e tsoelang pele ea tekheniki, theknoloji ena e ka sebelisoa haholo ho mashala, metallurgy, sethala sa kantle ho naha, ho etsa pampiri, lisebelisoa tsa sechaba, likoloi, likepe, peterole, liindasteri tsa sefofane, 'me ea fetoha mokhoa o motala oa ho nchafatsa o ka nkang sebaka sa theknoloji ea setso ea electroplating.

7. Laser fatling

Laser engraving ke mokhoa oa ts'ebetso oa laser o sebelisang theknoloji ea CNC ho hlahisa lebone la laser e matla a phahameng holim'a thepa, 'me e sebelisa phello ea mocheso e hlahisoang ke laser ho hlahisa mekhoa e hlakileng holim'a thepa.The denaturation ea 'mele ea ho qhibiliha le gasification ea thepa ea ho sebetsa tlas'a mahlaseli a laser fatling e ka nolofalletsa ho ngola ka laser ho finyella merero ea ho sebetsa.Ho ngola ka laser ke ho sebelisa laser ho ngola mantsoe holim'a ntho.Mantsoe a betliloeng ke theknoloji ena ha a na li-nicks, bokaholimo ba ntho bo boreleli ebile bo bataletse, 'me mongolo oa letsoho o ke ke oa apara.Likarolo tsa eona le melemo li kenyelletsa: e bolokehileng ebile e ka tšeptjoa;E nepahetse ebile e hlokolosi, ho nepahala ho ka fihla ho 0.02mm;Boloka tšireletso ea tikoloho le lisebelisoa nakong ea ts'ebetso;Lebelo le phahameng, lebelo le phahameng le fatiloeng ho latela litšoantšo tse hlahisoang;Theko e tlase, e sa lekanyetsoang ka bongata ba ts'ebetso, joalo-joalo.

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8. Khatiso ea 3D ea Laser

Mokhoa ona o sebelisa theknoloji ea laser cladding, e sebelisang laser ho khantša phallo ea phofo e tsamaisoang ke molomo ho qhibilihisa ntho e bonolo kapa phofo ea alloy ka kotloloho.Kamora hore lebone la laser le tlohe, mokelikeli oa alloy o tiea ka potlako ho hlokomela prototyping e potlakileng ea alloy.Hona joale, e 'nile ea sebelisoa haholo ho mehlala ea indasteri, tlhahiso ea mechine, sefofane, sesole, meralo, filimi le thelevishene, lisebelisoa tsa ntlo, indasteri e khanyang, meriana, thuto ea khale, setso le bonono, litšoantšo, mabenyane le likarolo tse ling.

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9. Likopo tse tloaelehileng tsa indasteri tsa kalafo ea laser holim'a metsi le ho nchafatsa

Hajoale, kalafo ea laser holim'a metsi le mahlale a tlatsetso a tlhahiso, lits'ebetso le lisebelisoa li sebelisoa haholo ho metallurgy, mechini ea meepo, hlobo, matla a peterole, lisebelisoa tsa Hardware, lipalangoang tsa terene, sefofane, mechini le liindasteri tse ling.

 

10. Tšebeliso ea theknoloji ea laser electroplating

Laser electroplating ke theknoloji e ncha e nang le matla a phahameng a matla a motlakase, e leng ea bohlokoa haholo ho hlahisa le ho lokisa lisebelisoa tsa microelectronic le li-circuits tse kholo tse kopantsoeng.Hajoale, leha molao-motheo oa laser electroplating, laser ablation, plasma laser deposition le laser jet li ntse li le tlas'a lipatlisiso, mahlale a bona a sebelisitsoe.Ha laser e tsoelang pele kapa pulse laser e khantša bokaholimo ba cathode ka bateng ea electroplating, ha se feela hore sekhahla sa ho beoa ha tšepe se ka ntlafatsoa haholo, empa le komporo e ka sebelisoa ho laola tsela ea lebone la laser ho fumana lesela le sa sireletsehang. geometry e rarahaneng e lebelletsoeng.

Ts'ebeliso ea laser electroplating ts'ebetsong e ipapisitse le litšoaneleho tse peli tse latelang:

(1) Lebelo sebakeng sa mahlaseli a laser le phahame haholo ho feta lebelo la electroplating 'meleng (makhetlo a ka bang 103);

(2) Bokhoni ba ho laola laser bo matla, bo ka etsang hore karolo e hlokahalang ea thepa e potlakise palo e hlokahalang ea tšepe.Electroplating e tloaelehileng e etsahala holim'a substrate eohle ea electrode, 'me lebelo la electroplating le lieha, kahoo ho thata ho etsa mekhoa e rarahaneng le e ntle.Laser electroplating e ka fetola lebone la laser hore e be boholo ba micrometer, 'me ea tsamaisa mohlala o sa sireletsehang ka boholo ba micrometer.Bakeng sa moralo oa potoloho, tokiso ea potoloho le ho beoa ha sebaka ka likarolo tsa sehokelo sa microelectronic, mofuta ona oa 'mapa o potlakileng o ntse o sebetsa haholoanyane.

Ha ho bapisoa le electroplating e tloaelehileng, melemo ea eona ke:

(1) Lebelo le potlakileng la ho bea, joalo ka laser khauta plating ho fihlela ho 1 μ M/s, laser copper plating ho fihlela ho 10 μ M/s, laser jet khauta plating ho fihlela ho 12 μ M/s, laser jet copper plating ho fihlela ho 50 μ m/s;

(2) Metal deposition e etsahala feela sebakeng sa mahlaseli a laser, 'me ho roala deposition sebakeng seo ho ka fumanoa ntle le mehato ea tšireletso, kahoo ho nolofatsa mokhoa oa tlhahiso;

(3) Ho khomarela ho roala ho ntlafatsoa haholo;

(4) Ho bonolo ho lemoha taolo ea boiketsetso;

(5) Boloka litšepe tsa bohlokoa;

(6) Boloka matsete a thepa le nako ea ho sebetsa.

Ha laser e tsoelang pele kapa laser impulse e khantša bokaholimo ba cathode ka bateng ea electroplating, ha se feela hore sekhahla sa deposition sa tšepe se ka ntlafatsoa haholo, empa le komporo e ka laola pina ea motsamao oa beam ea laser ho fumana lesela le sa sireletsehang le rarahaneng le lebelletsoeng. thutatekanyo.Theknoloji e ncha ea morao-rao ea laser jet e ntlafalitsoeng ea electroplating e kopanya theknoloji ea laser e ntlafetseng ea electroplating le ho fafatsa tharollo ea electroplating, e le hore laser le tharollo ea plating e ka thunya ka nako e le 'ngoe sebakeng sa cathode,' me lebelo la ho fetisa boima le lebelo haholo ho feta lebelo la ho fetisa boima. ea micro stirring e bakoang ke laser irradiation, kahoo ho finyella lebelo le phahameng haholo la deposition.

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Nts'etsopele ea bokamoso le boqapi

Nakong e tlang, tataiso ea nts'etsopele ea kalafo ea laser holim'a metsi le lisebelisoa tsa tlhahiso ea tlatsetso e ka akaretsoa ka tsela e latelang:

·Bokhoni bo phahameng - ts'ebetso e phahameng ea ts'ebetso, ho kopana le morethetho o potlakileng oa tlhahiso ea indasteri ea sejoale-joale;

·Ts'ebetso e phahameng - thepa e na le mesebetsi e fapaneng, ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng mme e loketse maemo a fapaneng a ts'ebetso;

·Bohlale bo phahameng – boemo ba bohlale bo lula bo ntlafala, ho sa na thuso e fokolang ka letsoho;

·Theko e tlase - theko ea thepa e ea laoleha, 'me theko ea lisebelisoa e fokotsehile;

· Ho iketsetsa - ho iketsetsa lisebelisoa tsa hau, tšebeletso e nepahetseng ka mor'a thekiso,

·Le ho kopanya - ho kopanya theknoloji ea laser le theknoloji ea khale ea ho sebetsa.


Nako ea poso: Sep-17-2022

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